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American politician and attorney (1923–2021)

Bob Dole
Robert J. Dole.jpg

Dole in the 1980s
Senate Majority Leader
In office
January iii, 1995 – June eleven, 1996
Preceded by George Mitchell
Succeeded by Trent Lott
In function
January iii, 1985 – January 3, 1987
Preceded by Howard Baker
Succeeded past Robert Byrd
Senate Minority Leader
In office
January iii, 1987 – Jan iii, 1995
Preceded by Robert Byrd
Succeeded by Tom Daschle
Leader of the Senate Republican Conference
In part
January 3, 1985 – June 11, 1996
Preceded by Howard Baker
Succeeded by Trent Lott
Chair of the Senate Finance Committee
In office
January 3, 1981 – Jan 3, 1985
Preceded past Russell Long
Succeeded by Bob Packwood
Ranking Member of the Senate Agriculture Commission
In part
January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979
Preceded by George Aiken
Succeeded by Jesse Helms
Chair of the Republican National Committee
In office
Jan xv, 1971 – January xix, 1973
Preceded by Rogers Morton
Succeeded past George H. W. Bush
Us Senator
from Kansas
In role
January 3, 1969 – June eleven, 1996
Preceded by Frank Carlson
Succeeded by Sheila Frahm
Member of the U.S. Business firm of Representatives
from Kansas
In office
January iii, 1961 – January three, 1969
Preceded by Wint Smith
Succeeded by Keith Sebelius
Constituency
  • sixth district (1961–1963)
  • 1st commune (1963–1969)
County Attorney of Russell County, Kansas
In office
1953–1961
Member of the Kansas House of Representatives
from the 81st district
In office
January 9, 1951 – January 13, 1953
Preceded by Elmo J. Mahoney
Succeeded past R. C. Williams
Personal details
Born

Robert Joseph Dole


(1923-07-22)July 22, 1923
Russell, Kansas, U.S.
Died December v, 2021(2021-12-05) (aged 98)
Washington, D.C., U.Southward.
Resting place Arlington National Cemetery
Political party Republican
Spouse(s)

Phyllis Holden

​

​

(m. 1948; div. 1972)​

Elizabeth Hanford

​

(grand. 1975)​
Children 1
Educational activity Washburn University (BA, LLB)
Signature
Website Official website Edit this at Wikidata
Military service
Branch/service United States Army
Years of service 1942–1948
Rank
  • US-O3 insignia.svg Captain
  • US-O6 insignia.svg Colonel (honorary)[1] [2]
Unit tenth Mount Segmentation
Battles/wars Globe War 2 (WIA)
Awards
  • Bronze Star
  • Royal Middle

Robert Joseph Dole (July 22, 1923 – Dec v, 2021) was an American politico and attorney who represented Kansas in the United States Senate from 1969 to 1996. He was the Republican Leader of the Senate during the final eleven years of his tenure, including three non-consecutive years equally Senate Majority Leader. Prior to his 27 years in the Senate, he served in the United states of america House of Representatives from 1961 to 1969. Dole was also the Republican presidential nominee in the 1996 election and the vice presidential nominee in the 1976 election.

Dole was born and raised in Russell, Kansas, where he established a legal career after serving with stardom in the United States Army during Earth State of war II. Following a stint as Russell Canton Attorney, he won ballot to the Business firm of Representatives in 1960. In 1968, Dole was elected to the Senate, where he served equally chairman of the Republican National Committee from 1971 to 1973 and chairman of the Senate Finance Commission from 1981 to 1985. He led the Senate Republicans from 1985 to his resignation in 1996, and served as Senate Majority Leader from 1985 to 1987 and from 1995 to 1996. In his function as Republican leader, he helped defeat Democratic President Bill Clinton's wellness care plan.

President Gerald Ford chose Dole as his running mate in the 1976 election later on Vice President Nelson Rockefeller withdrew from seeking a full term. Ford was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter in the general election. Dole sought the Republican presidential nomination in 1980, only speedily dropped out of the race. He experienced more success in the 1988 Republican primaries only was defeated by Vice President George H. West. Bush. Dole won the Republican presidential nomination in 1996 and selected Jack Kemp as his running mate. The Republican ticket lost in the general election to Clinton, making Dole the get-go unsuccessful major party nominee for both president and vice president. He resigned from the Senate during the 1996 campaign and did not seek public office once more after the election.

Dole remained active subsequently retiring from public role. He appeared in numerous commercials and television programs and served on various councils. In 2012, Dole unsuccessfully advocated Senate ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. He initially supported Jeb Bush-league in the 2022 Republican primaries, merely afterward became the simply former Republican presidential nominee to endorse Donald Trump in the general election. Dole was a member of the advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation and special counsel at the Washington, D.C., part of police force business firm Alston & Bird.[3] Dole was awarded the Congressional Gilded Medal on Jan 17, 2018. He was married to former U.S. Senator Elizabeth Dole of Due north Carolina.

Early life and pedagogy

Dole was built-in on July 22, 1923, in Russell, Kansas, the son of Bina M. (née Talbott; 1904–1983) and Doran Ray Dole (1901–1975).[4] His father, who had moved the family unit to Russell shortly before Robert was born, earned money by running a small-scale creamery. Ane of Dole's male parent's customers was the male parent of his time to come Senate colleague Arlen Specter.[5] The Doles lived in a business firm at 1035 N Maple in Russell and it remained his official residence throughout his political career.[vi]

Dole graduated from Russell High School in the bound of 1941[vii] and enrolled at the Academy of Kansas the post-obit fall. Dole had been a star high school athlete in Russell, and Kansas basketball omnibus Phog Allen traveled to Russell to recruit him to play for the Jayhawks basketball team. While at KU, Dole was on the basketball team, the track team, and the football team. In football, Dole played at the finish position. In 1942 he was a teammate of the founder and longtime owner of the Tennessee Titans Bud Adams, Adams'due south simply season playing football at Kansas.[8] While in college, Dole joined the Kappa Sigma fraternity, and in 1970 he was bestowed with the Fraternity's "Man of the Year" honor.[9] Dole'south collegiate studies were interrupted past World War II, when he enlisted in the Us Ground forces.[10]

Dole attended the Academy of Arizona in Tucson from 1948 to 1949, before transferring to Washburn University in Topeka, where he graduated with both undergraduate and constabulary degrees in 1952.[xi]

World State of war Ii and recovery

Dole joined the United States Army's Enlisted Reserve Corps in 1942 to fight in Globe State of war Ii, condign a 2nd lieutenant in the Regular army'due south 10th Mountain Division. In Apr 1945, while engaged in combat almost Castel d'Aiano in the Apennine mountains southwest of Bologna, Italia, Dole was seriously wounded by a German trounce that struck his upper back and correct arm, shattering his collarbone and office of his spine. "I lay face down in the dirt," Dole said. "I could not come across or move my artillery. I thought they were missing." As Lee Sandlin describes, when fellow soldiers saw the extent of his injuries, they believed all they could practice was "give him the largest dose of morphine they dared and write an 'M' for 'morphine' on his brow in his own blood, so that nobody else who found him would requite him a 2nd, fatal dose."[12]

Dole was paralyzed from the neck down and transported to a military hospital near Kansas. Suffering blood clots, a life-threatening infection, and a fever of almost 109 °F (43 °C), he was expected to die. Later on big doses of penicillin were non successful, he overcame the infection with the administration of streptomycin, which at the time was still an experimental drug.[13] He remained despondent, "not ready to accept the fact that my life would exist changed forever". He was encouraged to see Hampar Kelikian, an orthopedist in Chicago who had been working with veterans returning from war. Although during their starting time meeting Kelikian told Dole that he would never be able to recover fully, the run into changed Dole'southward outlook on life, who years later wrote of Kelikian, a survivor of the Armenian genocide, "Kelikian inspired me to focus on what I had left and what I could do with it, rather than complaining what had been lost." Dr. G, as Dole later on came to affectionately call him, operated on him 7 times, free of accuse, and had, in Dole's words, "an impact on my life second merely to my family".[fourteen]

Dole recovered from his wounds at the Percy Jones Army Hospital in Battle Creek, Michigan. This complex of federal buildings, no longer a hospital, is at present named Hart-Dole-Inouye Federal Eye in honour of three patients who became United States Senators: Dole, Philip Hart, and Daniel Inouye. Dole was decorated three times, receiving two Majestic Hearts for his injuries, and the Bronze Star with "Five" Device for valor for his attempt to aid a downed radioman. The injuries left him with limited mobility in his right arm and numbness in his left arm. He minimized the effect in public by keeping a pen in his right hand, and learned to write with his left paw.[15] In 1947, he was medically discharged from the Army every bit a helm.[16]

Early political career

Dole ran for office for the starting time time in 1950 and was elected to the Kansas Business firm of Representatives, serving a two-year term.[17] During his term he served on the following committees: Assessment and Tax, Gas and Oil, and Military Diplomacy and Soldiers Compensation.[18] He became the County Chaser of Russell Canton in 1952.[xix] Dole was elected to the United States Firm of Representatives from Kansas's sixth congressional district in 1960.[19] After his first term, Kansas lost a congressional district, and well-nigh of Dole'due south district was merged with the neighboring 2nd district to form a new 1st commune, encompassing much of fundamental and western Kansas. Dole was elected from this merged district in 1962 and was re-elected two more times.[20]

During his tenure in the House, Dole voted in favor of the Ceremonious Rights Acts of 1964 and 1968,[21] [22] and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.[23]

U.S. Senate (1969–1996)

In 1968, Dole defeated former Kansas Governor William H. Avery for the Republican nomination for the U.s.a. Senate to succeed retiring Senator Frank Carlson. He subsequently won the seat in the general election . Dole was re-elected in 1974, 1980, 1986, and 1992, earlier resigning on June 11, 1996, to focus on his presidential campaign.[24]

While in the Senate, Dole served every bit chairman of the Republican National Committee from 1971 to 1973, the ranking Republican on the Agronomics Commission from 1975 to 1978, and the chairman of the Finance Committee from 1981 to 1985.[25] [26] [27] In November 1984, Dole was elected Senate Majority leader, defeating Ted Stevens 28–25, in the fourth round of balloting.[28]

The continuing war in Vietnam was the dominant source of political segmentation on Capitol Colina in the early 1970s; in 1970 Democratic Senator George McGovern of South Dakota took the Senate floor and condemned the deliberative body'south function in maintaining the U.s. presence in Vietnam, saying the Senate chamber "reeks of blood", shortly followed by freshman Republican senator Dole on the floor, who vociferously attacked McGovern. Dole was appointed chair of the Republican National Committee the next year.[29] Over time in the Senate, Dole was seen by some every bit having a moderate voting record.[30] During the following years of the 1970s, Dole and McGovern worked together on the Senate Hunger and Human being Needs Committee. They partnered to aid pass legislation making food stamps and schoolhouse lunches more accessible,[31] [32] and fraud more than difficult. They expanded the schoolhouse lunch program and helped establish the Special Supplemental Food Plan for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), a federal assistance program for low-income significant women, breast-feeding women and children nether the historic period of five.[33]

Dole served on congressional agriculture committees throughout the course of his political career, and became the Republican Political party's chief spokesman on farm policy and nutrition problems in the Senate. When Ronald Reagan was elected president in 1980, Dole held the chairmanship of the Senate Agronomics Committee's Diet Subcommittee and the Senate Finance Committee. Together with McGovern, Dole spearheaded the elimination of the purchase requirement to receive food stamp benefits[34] and the simplification of eligibility requirements.[35]

Facing a reluctant President and Congress as chairman of the Senate Finance Committee in 1982, Dole was the driving forcefulness backside a large tax increment, promoting information technology as a reform measure to collect coin owed by taxation cheats and under-taxed businesses.[36] In December of that yr, The New York Times referred to Dole as irresolute from "hard-line conservative" to "mainstream Republicanism".[37]

The Republicans took command of both the Senate and House of Representatives in the 1994 mid-term elections, due to the fallout from President Bill Clinton's policies including his health care plan, and Dole became Senate Bulk Leader for the second fourth dimension. In Oct 1995, a twelvemonth before the presidential election, Dole and Speaker of the Business firm Newt Gingrich led the Republican-controlled Congress to pass a spending neb that President Clinton vetoed, leading to the federal government shutdown from 1995 to 1996. On November 13, Republican and Democratic leaders, including Vice President Al Gore, Dick Armey, and Dole, met to effort to resolve the upkeep and were unable to accomplish an understanding.[38] By Jan 1996, Dole was more than open up to compromise to finish the shutdown (every bit he was campaigning for the Republican presidential nomination), but he was opposed past other Republicans who wanted to continue until their demands were met. In item, Gingrich and Dole had a tense working relationship equally they were potential rivals for the 1996 Republican nomination.[39] Clinton aide George Stephanopoulos cited the shutdown every bit having a function in Clinton's successful re-election entrada.[40] In a January 3, 1996, Conference Room accost, among the ongoing U.s. federal government shutdowns of 1995–1996, President Clinton noted Dole as a lawmaker that was "working together in good faith" to reopen the government.[41]

In 1996, Dole was the beginning sitting Senate Party Leader to receive his political party's nomination for president. He hoped to utilize his long feel in Senate procedures to maximize publicity from his rare positioning as Senate Majority Leader against an incumbent president but was stymied by Senate Democrats. Dole resigned his seat on June eleven, 1996, to focus on the campaign, saying he had "nowhere to go only the White Business firm or home".[42]

Presidential politics

Dole ran unsuccessfully for vice president on a ticket headed by President Gerald Ford in 1976. Incumbent Vice President Nelson Rockefeller had appear the previous Nov his retirement from politics, opting confronting a run for a total term as vice president, and Dole was chosen as Ford's running mate. Dole was known for his sarcastic 1-liner comments, often directed against himself,[43] and during the Vice Presidential debate replied to Walter Mondale concerning the issues of Watergate and the Nixon pardon, "It is an advisable topic, I approximate, but it'due south not a very adept outcome whatsoever more than the war in Vietnam would be or World War II or World War I or the war in Korea—all Democrat wars, all in this century. I figured up the other day, if we added upwards the killed and wounded in Democrat wars in this century, it would be about 1.six million Americans, enough to fill the metropolis of Detroit."[44]

Dole ran for the 1980 Republican presidential nomination, eventually won by Ronald Reagan. Despite Dole's national exposure from the '76 campaign, he finished behind Reagan, George H. West. Bush, and four others in Iowa and New Hampshire, receiving just 2.5% and 0.4% of votes cast in those contests, respectively.[45] Dole ceased campaigning after the New Hampshire results and announced his formal withdrawal from the race on March fifteen, instead existence re-elected to his 3rd term equally Senator that twelvemonth.[46]

Dole made some other attempt for the Republican presidential nomination in 1988, formally announcing his candidacy in his hometown of Russell, Kansas, on November nine, 1987.[47] At the ceremony, Dole was presented by the VFW with a cigar box, similar to the one he had used to collect donations for his war-related medical expenses, containing more than than $7,000 in campaign donations.[48] Dole started out strongly by defeating Vice President George H. West. Bush in the Iowa caucus—Bush finished 3rd, behind television set evangelist Pat Robertson.[49]

Bush defeated Dole in the New Hampshire primary a week after. Later the returns had come in on the night of that main, Dole appeared to lose his temper in a television receiver interview with Tom Brokaw, maxim Bush should "stop lying nearly my tape", in response to a Bush-league commercial which accused Dole of "straddling" on taxes.[50]

Despite a key endorsement by Senator Strom Thurmond, Dole was defeated by Bush again in South Carolina in early March. Several days later, every southern country voted for Bush in a Super Tuesday sweep. This was followed by some other loss in Illinois, which persuaded Dole to withdraw from the race.[51]

1996 presidential campaign

Despite the 1994 elections, President Clinton's popularity soared due to a booming economic system and public opinion polls supporting him in the 1995 budget shutdown. As a result, Clinton and Vice President Al Gore faced no serious opposition in the Democratic primaries.[52] A few months before his death in April 1994, Richard Nixon warned Dole, "If the economy's good, you're not going to beat Clinton."[53] Dole was the early front runner for the GOP nomination in the 1996 presidential race. At least eight candidates ran for the nomination. Dole was expected to win the nomination against underdog candidates such as the more than conservative Senator Phil Gramm of Texas and more moderate Senator Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania. Pat Buchanan upset Dole in the early New Hampshire primary, however, with Dole finishing second and erstwhile Tennessee governor Lamar Alexander finishing third. Speechwriter Kerry Tymchuk observed, "Dole was on the ropes because he wasn't conservative enough."[52]

Dole eventually won the nomination, becoming the oldest first-fourth dimension presidential nominee at the age of 73 years, 1 calendar month (President Ronald Reagan was 73 years, 6 months in 1984, for his second presidential nomination). If elected, he would have get the oldest president to take office and the starting time Kansas native to become president (as Dwight Eisenhower was born in Texas). Dole constitute the initial draft of the nomination acceptance speech written by Mark Helprin too hardline, so Kerry Tymchuk, who was part of the "'Let Dole be Dole' crowd", revised the speech to cover the themes of honour, decency, and straight talk. It included the following line, a brickbat at the all-or-nothing rookie Republicans who had ridden the 1994 midterm GOP wave into Congress: "In politics honorable compromise is no sin. It is what protects us from absolutism and intolerance"'.[52]

In his credence speech, Dole stated, "Let me be the span to an America that just the unknowing call myth. Permit me be the bridge to a time of tranquility, faith, and confidence in activeness,"[54] to which incumbent president Nib Clinton responded, "We do not need to build a bridge to the by, we need to build a span to the future."[55]

As told in the Doles' joint biography, Unlimited Partners, speechwriter and biographer Kerry Tymchuk wrote "that he was going to make a statement. He was going to chance information technology all for the White Firm. He knew his fourth dimension every bit leader was over. Information technology would have been tough to come dorsum [to the Senate every bit leader] if he lost in November. He knew it was time to movement up or motility out."[52]

Dole promised a xv% across-the-board reduction in income tax rates and made former Representative and supply side advocate Jack Kemp his running mate for vice president. Dole found himself criticized from both the left and the right within the Republican Party over the convention platform, ane of the major issues being the inclusion of the Man Life Amendment. Clinton framed the narrative against Dole early, painting him as a mere clone of unpopular then-House Speaker Newt Gingrich, alert America that Dole would work in concert with the Republican Congress to slash popular social programs, like Medicare and Social Security, dubbed by Clinton every bit "Dole-Gingrich".[56] Dole's tax-cut program found itself under assault from the White House, who said information technology would "blow a pigsty in the arrears".[57]

During the infancy of the Internet, Dole-Kemp was the first presidential campaign to accept a website, which was ready by Arizona Land college students Rob Kubasko and Vince Salvato, and edged out Clinton-Gore.[52] The Dole-Kemp presidential campaign page is still alive every bit of 2021.[58] [59]

Concerns over Dole's age and lagging campaign were exemplified by an incident on September 18, 1996. At a rally in Chico, California, he was reaching downward to shake the manus of a supporter, when the railing on the stage gave way and he tumbled four anxiety. While only slightly injured in the fall, "the televised image of his painful grimace underscored the age difference between him and Clinton" and proved an ominous sign for Republican hopes of retaking the White House.[threescore] [61]

During the latter one-half of Oct 1996, Dole fabricated a campaign appearance with Heather Whitestone, the commencement deafened Miss America, where both of them signed "I dear you" to the oversupply. Around that time, Dole and his directorate knew that they would lose the election, merely in the last four days of the campaign they went on the "96-hour victory tour" to help Republican House candidates.[62]

Dole lost, as pundits had long expected, to incumbent President Bill Clinton in the 1996 election. Clinton won in a 379–159 Balloter Higher landslide, capturing 49.2% of the vote against Dole'south twoscore.7% and Ross Perot's 8.4%.[63] Equally Nixon had predicted, Clinton was able to ride a booming economy to a second term in the White House.[53]

Election results by canton

 Bob Dole

Dole is the final World War II veteran to have been the presidential nominee of a major party.[64] During the campaign, Dole's advanced age was brought upwards, with critics stating that he was also old to be president.[65]

In his election night concession speech, Dole remarked "I was thinking on the way downwards in the lift – tomorrow volition be the first time in my life I don't have anything to practice."[62] Dole later on wrote "I was incorrect. Seventy-ii hours after conceding the election, I was swapping wisecracks with David Letterman on his late-night bear witness."[53] During the immediate aftermath of his 1996 loss to Clinton, Dole recalled that his critics thought that "I didn't loosen up plenty, I didn't show enough leg. They said I was too serious . . . It takes several months to stop fretting about it and move on. But I did." Dole remarked that his decisive defeat to Clinton fabricated it easier for him to be "magnanimous". On his decision to leave politics for adept after the 1996 presidential ballot campaign, despite his guaranteed stature equally a onetime Senate leader, Dole stated, "People were urging [me] to be a hatchet man against Clinton for the next 4 years. I couldn't see the betoken. Maybe after all those partisan fights, you look for more friendships. One of the nice things I've discovered is that when you're out of politics, you lot have more brownie with the other side . . . And y'all're out amid all kinds of people, and that just doesn't happen ofttimes for an ex-president; he doesn't have the same freedom. So it hasn't been all bad."[66]

Post-political career

The 1996 presidential election, despite ending in a loss, opened up numerous opportunities for Dole owing in role to his sense of humor. He engaged in a career of writing, consulting, public speaking, and television appearances. Dole was the first defeated presidential nominee to get a political glory.[66]

He became a television commercial spokesman for such products as Viagra, Visa, Dunkin' Donuts, and Pepsi-Cola (with Britney Spears), and every bit an occasional political commentator on the interview plan Larry King Alive, and was a invitee a number of times on Comedy Central's satirical news plan, The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. Dole was, for a short time, a commentator opposite Bill Clinton on CBS'southward sixty Minutes. Dole guest-starred as himself on NBC's Brooke Shields sitcom Suddenly Susan in January 1997 (soon after losing the presidential election). He likewise fabricated a cameo appearance on Saturday Night Live, parodying himself in November 1996.[53]

Dole was caput of the Federal Metropolis Council, a group of business organisation, civic, teaching, and other leaders interested in economic development in Washington, D.C., from 1998 to 2002.[67]

After leaving role, Dole joined the Washington, D.C. house Verner, Liipfert, Bernhard, McPherson and Mitt, where he was a registered lobbyist on behalf of foreign governments (including those of Kosovo, Taiwan, and Slovenia); the American Society of Anesthesiologists; Tyco; and the Chocolate Industry Coalition.[68] In 2003, after Verner, Liipfert was acquired by Piper Rudnick,[68] [69] Dole joined the Washington, D.C. law and lobbying house Alston & Bird LLP, where he continued his lobbying career.[70] [71] While working for Alston & Bird, Dole was registered as a strange agent in guild to represent the regime of Taiwan in Washington.[70] [71]

Dole was likewise involved in many voluntary organizations. He served as national chairman of the Globe State of war II Memorial Entrada,[69] which raised funds for the building of the National World War II Memorial.[68] He besides teamed up in 2001 with Clinton, his former 1996 campaign rival, on the Families of Freedom Foundation, a scholarship fund campaign to pay for the college educations of the families of ix/eleven victims.[72]

The Robert J. Dole Plant of Politics, housed on the Academy of Kansas campus in Lawrence, Kansas, was established to bring bipartisanship back to politics. The institute, which opened in July 2003 to coincide with Dole's 80th birthday, has featured such notable speakers as former President Bill Clinton, and awarded the inaugural Dole Leadership Prize to Rudy Giuliani for his leadership as the Mayor of New York City during the September 11 attacks in 2001.[73]

Dole's legacy likewise includes a commitment to combating hunger, both in the The states and around the globe. In add-on to numerous domestic programs, and along with former Senator George McGovern (D-South Dakota), Dole created an international school luncheon program through the George McGovern-Robert Dole International Food for Pedagogy and Child Diet Program, which, funded largely through the Congress, helps fight child hunger and poverty past providing nutritious meals to children in schools in developing countries.[74] [75] This internationally popular program would go on to provide more than 22 1000000 meals to children in 41 countries in its first 8 years.[76] [77] It has since led to greatly increased global involvement in and support for school-feeding programs—which benefit girls and young women, in particular—and won McGovern and Dole the 2008 World Food Prize.[77]

Dole offered the inaugural lecture to dedicate the Academy of Arkansas Clinton School of Public Service on September eighteen, 2004. During the lecture, he chronicled his life as a public servant and discussed the importance of public service related to defense force, civil rights, the economy and daily life.[78] Dole also gave the 2008 Vance Distinguished Lecture at Central Connecticut Country University.[79]

Dole wrote several books, including one on jokes told past the presidents of the U.s.a., in which he ranks the presidents according to their level of sense of humour. Dole released his autobiography, One Soldier'due south Story: A Memoir, on April 12, 2005. The book chronicles his World War II experiences and his battle to survive his war injuries.[80]

Dole speaking at the 60th Ceremony of VE Solar day, 2005

Dole as well served as a managing director for the Asia Universal Bank, a bank domiciled in Kyrgyzstan during the discredited Kurmanbek Bakiyev presidential government which was afterwards shut downwards owing to its involvement in money laundering.[81]

President George W. Bush appointed Dole and Donna Shalala, former Secretarial assistant of Health and Human Services, as co-chairs of the committee to investigate problems at Walter Reed Regular army Medical Center in 2007.[82] [83] That same year, Dole joined fellow former Senate bulk leaders Howard Baker, Tom Daschle, and George Mitchell to plant the Bipartisan Policy Center, a non-turn a profit think-tank that works to develop policies suitable for bipartisan support.[84]

Dole issued a letter of the alphabet critical of Newt Gingrich, focusing on Dole and Gingrich's fourth dimension working together on Capitol Hill, on January 26, 2012.[85] The letter was issued immediately before the Florida primary. Dole endorsed Mitt Romney for the Republican nomination.[86]

Dole cited the association fabricated between himself and Gingrich as fellow Congressional leaders in Autonomous advertisements as a key factor for his 1996 presidential defeat.[87]

Dole appeared on the Senate floor to advocate ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on December four, 2012. Democratic Senator John Kerry explained: "Bob Dole is here considering he wants to know that other countries volition come up to treat the disabled every bit we practise." The Senate rejected the treaty by a vote of 61–38, less than the 66 required for ratification. Many Republican senators voted against the bill, fearing it would interfere with American sovereignty.[88]

Dole began a reunion tour of his habitation country of Kansas in early 2014, seeking to visit each of the state'due south 105 counties. At each finish he spent approximately an hour speaking with former friends and well-wishers.[89] Dole endorsed and campaigned for incumbent Kansas Senator Pat Roberts during the latter's 2022 re-election bid.[90]

In 2015, Dole endorsed former Florida governor Jeb Bush in his presidential campaign. Later on Bush-league ended his campaign following the South Carolina primary, Dole endorsed Florida senator Marco Rubio's entrada.[91] During the campaign, Dole criticized Texas senator Ted Cruz, stating that he "question[ed] his allegiance to the political party" and that there would exist "wholesale losses" if he were to win the Republican nomination.[92] Dole endorsed Donald Trump later the latter clinched the Republican nomination,[93] while all other so-living Republican presidential nominees, George H. West. Bush, George West. Bush, John McCain, and Mitt Romney refused to practise and so,[94] and became the lone sometime nominee to attend the 2022 Republican National Convention.[95] Dole had attended every GOP convention since 1964, and did not consider skipping the 2022 edition even though Trump's politics were closer to that of Dole'southward 1996 main rival Pat Buchanan.[52]

Former Dole directorate, including Paul Manafort, played a major role in Trump's presidential campaign.[95] Following Trump's electoral victory, Dole coordinated with the Trump campaign and presidential transition squad to fix a series of meetings between Trump's staff and Taiwanese officials as well equally assisting in successful efforts to include favorable language towards Taiwan in the 2022 Republican Political party platform.[96] In February 2022 Dole donated $20,000 to help pay for a camp for children with cancer in fundamental Kansas.[97]

Dole was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for his service to the nation every bit a "soldier, legislator and statesman" in January 2018.[98] Despite being immobile, Dole signaled to an aide to help him in standing for the U.S. national canticle prior to the ceremony.[99]

Dole, at age 95 and in a wheelchair, stood upward with the help of an aide at the funeral of George H. Due west. Bush in the United states Capitol rotunda on December iv, 2018, and saluted to pay his respects to the late president and fellow World State of war Two veteran.[100] [101]

Dole expressed concern the Commission on Presidential Debates were biased against President Trump and his reelection campaign in a public statement on Oct 9, 2020, proverb how he knew all the Republicans on the commission and feared that "none of them back up[ed]" the president.[102]

While Dole endorsed Trump in both 2022 and 2020, in an interview with USA Today conducted for his 98th birthday, Dole said he was "Trumped out", and that Trump had lost the 2022 election despite his claims to the contrary. "He lost the ballot, and I regret that he did, just they did",[103] Dole stated, adding that Trump, "...had Rudy Giuliani running all over the land, challenge fraud. He never had one bit of fraud in all those lawsuits he filed and statements he fabricated."[103] "I'm a Trumper," Dole said at ane point during the conversation, but added at another, "I'1000 sort of Trumped out, though."[103]

Awards

Dole was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Ronald Reagan on January xviii, 1989.[104]

Senator Dole was presented the Presidential Medal of Liberty by President Bill Clinton on Jan 17, 1997 for service to his country in the military and in his political career. In his acceptance remarks in the Eastward Room of the White Firm, Dole remarked "I had a dream that I would be here this historic calendar week receiving something from the president — but I thought information technology would be the front-door fundamental".[53]

Dole received the U.South. Senator John Heinz Laurels for Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Official, an award given out annually past Jefferson Awards, in 1997.[105]

Dole received the American Patriot Award from the National Defense Academy in 2004 for his lifelong dedication to the United States and his service in Earth War II.[106]

On September 30, 2015, the National Commemoration of the Armenian Genocide Centennial (NCAGC) honored Senator Dole with the organization's Survivor's Gratitude Award in the category of "Hero of Responsibility and Principle" for his tireless efforts in raising attention to the Armenian Genocide and its victims.[107] [108]

For his lobbying efforts on behalf of Kosovo Albanians before, during, and afterward the Kosovo State of war, Albanian President Bujar Nishani awarded Dole Albania'southward highest noncombatant award, the National Flag Order medal, at a May 2022 ceremony in Washington, D.C.[109]

Dole was awarded the Congressional Gilded Medal for his service to the nation as a "soldier, legislator and statesman" on January 17, 2018.[110]

The U.Due south. Congress unanimously passed a neb promoting the 95-year-old Dole from helm to colonel for his service during World State of war II in 2019.[1] [2] "I've had a great life and this is sort of icing on the cake. It'southward not that I have to be a colonel; I was happy being a captain and information technology pays the same," Dole said, jokingly.[111]

Honorary degrees

Dole was awarded several honorary degrees. These include:

Location Engagement School Caste
Kansas September 27, 1969 Washburn Academy Doctor of Laws (LL.D) [112]
Kansas May 18, 1985 Washburn Academy Md of Civil Laws (D.C.L.) [112]
Kansas December 13, 1986 University of Kansas Doctorate [113]
District of Columbia 1996 Gallaudet University Doctorate [114]
Kansas Dec fourteen, 2011 University of Kansas Medico of Laws (LL.D) [115]
New Hampshire June 25, 2014 University of New Hampshire Doctorate [116]
Vermont June 25, 2015 Norwich University Doctor of Public Administration (D.P.A.) [117]
Kansas May xiii, 2016 Fort Hays Country University Doctor of Arts (D.Arts) [118]

Personal life

Dole in 2009 with his wife, old cabinet secretarial assistant and U.S. Senator Elizabeth Dole

Dole married Phyllis Holden, an occupational therapist at a veterans hospital, in Boxing Creek, Michigan, in 1948, three months after they met. Their girl, Robin, was born on October fifteen, 1954. Dole and Holden divorced January 11, 1972.[119] Holden died on Apr 22, 2008.[120]

Dole met his second wife, Elizabeth Halford, in 1972. The couple was married on December 6, 1975. They had no children.[121]

Dole was a Freemason and a member of Russell Order No. 177, Russell, Kansas. In 1975, Dole was elevated to the 33rd degree of the Scottish Rite.[122] [123] [124]

Dole oftentimes referred to himself in the third person in conversation.[125] [126] In a 1996 appearance on Saturday Dark Alive, he jokingly refuted the habit to Norm Macdonald, saying "That's not something Bob Dole does. That's non something Bob Dole has ever done, or that Bob Dole volition e'er do."[127] He had no relation to the Dole Food Visitor or its namesake James Dole,[128] [129] although confusion betwixt the two did atomic number 82 Burhanettin Ozfatura, the mayor of İzmir, Turkey, to ban the auction of Dole bananas in the city in February 1995.[129]

Health and death

Dole had surgery for prostate cancer in 1991. He later spoke before Congress and on public service announcements about early detection of the disease and the erectile dysfunction that resulted from his surgery.[130] He so became a paid spokesman for Viagra. He also starred in a parody of his Viagra commercials for "the little blueish can" of Pepsi.[131]

In 2001, Dole, at age 77, was treated successfully for an abdominal aortic aneurysm by vascular surgeon Kenneth Ouriel, who said Dole "maintained his sense of humour throughout his intendance".[132]

Dole underwent a hip replacement operation that required him to receive blood thinners in Dec 2004. One calendar month after the surgery, doctors determined that he was bleeding inside his head. He spent forty days at Walter Reed Army Medical Middle; upon his release, his stronger left arm was of express utilize. Dole told a reporter that he needed aid to handle the simplest of tasks, since both of his artillery were of limited utilise. He continued to go to Walter Reed several times a week for occupational therapy for his left shoulder.[133]

In 2009, Dole was hospitalized for an elevated heart rate and sore legs for which he underwent a successful skin graft procedure. He was hospitalized with pneumonia in February 2010 after undergoing knee surgery. Dole spent ten months at Walter Reed Army Medical Center recovering from the surgery and experienced three bouts with pneumonia. He was released from the infirmary in November 2010. Dole was readmitted to Walter Reed Ground forces Medical Middle in January 2011 and spent about six days there existence treated for a fever and a minor infection.[134]

Dole was hospitalized in November 2012 at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, according to and so-Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid.[135] Dole was hospitalized at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center for depression blood pressure level on September 13, 2017.[136] He stayed for 24 hours before returning home.[137]

In Feb 2021, Dole announced that he had been diagnosed with stage four lung cancer,[138] and later on underwent immunotherapy, forgoing chemotherapy due to its negative effect on his torso.[103] He died of complications from the disease in his sleep at his home in Washington, D.C., on the morning of Dec five, 2021, at the age of 98.[139] [140] Post-obit his death, numerous politicians paid tribute to Dole,[141] and President Joe Biden ordered flags exist flown at half-staff through Dec 11, 2021.[142] [143] House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer announced that Dole would lay in state at the U.S. Capitol on December 9.[139] [144] He was interred at Arlington National Cemetery.[145]

Electoral history

Books

  • Dole, Bob & Elizabeth with Richard Norton Smith (1988). The Doles: Unlimited Partners. Simon & Schuster. ISBN0-671-60202-0. The volume was first released during Bob Dole's 1988 presidential run. Re-released as Unlimited Partners: Our American Story. Simon & Schuster, 1996. ISBN 0-684-83401-4.
  • Dole, Bob and Jack Kemp (1996). Trusting the People: The Dole-Kemp Plan to Free the Economy and Create a Ameliorate America. HarperCollins. ISBN0-06-101153-3.
  • Dole, Bob (1998). Neat Political Wit: Laughing (Almost) All the Way to the White Business firm. Doubleday. ISBN0-38-549347-ix.
  • Dole, Bob (2001). Great Presidential Wit: A Collection of Humorous Anecdotes and Quotations. Charles Scribner'southward Sons. ISBN0-74-320392-5.
  • Dole, Bob (2005). I Soldier's Story: A Memoir . HarperCollins. ISBN0-06-076341-8.

See also

  • Kemp Commission
  • List of Freemasons
  • Listing of members of the American Legion
  • List of people from Kansas

Citations

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Full general references

  • Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the The states Congress document: "DOLE, Robert Joseph".

Farther reading

  • Ceaser, James W.; Busch, Andrew E. (1997). Losing to Win: The 1996 Elections and American Politics. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN0-8476-8405-9.
  • Clinton, Bill (2005). My Life. New York: Vintage Books. ISBN1-4000-3003-X.
  • Denton, Robert Eastward. Jr. (1998). The 1996 Presidential Entrada: A Advice Perspective. Westport: Praeger. ISBN0-275-95681-four.
  • Elovitz, Paul (1996). "Work, Laughter and Tears: Bob Dole's Childhood, War Injury, the Conservative Republicans and the 1996 Election". Journal of Psychohistory. 24 (ii): 147–162. ISSN 0145-3378.
  • Immelman, Aubrey. "The political personalities of 1996 U.South. presidential candidates Bill Clinton and Bob Dole." Leadership Quarterly 9.3 (1998): 335–366. online
  • Shenk, Joshua Wolf (July 1996). "The Best and Worst of Bob Dole". Washington Monthly. Vol. 28.
  • Tymchuk, Kerry; Wertheimer, Molly Meijer; Gutgold, Nichola D. (2004). Elizabeth Hanford Dole: Speaking from the Heart. Westport: Praeger. ISBN0-275-98378-one.
  • Bob Dole discussing Lee Atwater in the film Boogie Human: The Lee Atwater Story

External links

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • Bob Dole'south remarks at the dedication of the Dole Institute of Politics at the University of Kansas
  • Bob Dole's 1996 entrada website
  • The Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics
  • Bob Dole's biography on Alston & Bird'due south website
  • CNN AllPolitics review of Bob Dole's early life
  • Bob Dole at IMDb
  • Appearances on C-SPAN

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Dole

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